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The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
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Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
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The Self-Pleasantness Judgment Modulates the Encoding Performance and the Default Mode Network Activity.

Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti1, Melanie Cerles2, Kylee T Ramdeen3

  • 1Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition (LPNC), University Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France; Laboratoire de Psychologie et Neurocognition (LPNC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5105Grenoble, France.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Self-relevance enhances memory for pleasant stimuli by engaging the default mode network (DMN). Pleasantness judgments increased DMN activity, correlating with better recognition of pleasant items and altered brain responses during encoding.

Keywords:
default-mode networkmemory encoding performancepleasantness judgmentposterior cingulate cortexprecuneusself-related emotion

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Pleasantness judgments are linked to self-referential thought and default mode network (DMN) activity.
  • Self-relevance may influence memory encoding and retrieval processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of self-relevance, specifically pleasantness, on brain activity and memory performance.
  • To examine the relationship between DMN activity and memory recognition for pleasant versus unpleasant stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to record brain activity during an incidental encoding task.
  • Participants rated visual stimuli for pleasantness, followed by a surprise memory recognition test.
  • Behavioral data and fMRI BOLD signals were analyzed to assess encoding success and brain activation patterns.

Main Results:

  • Memory recognition was significantly better for pleasant stimuli compared to unpleasant stimuli.
  • Successful encoding activated the inferior frontal and lateral temporal cortices.
  • Unsuccessful encoding was associated with increased activity in posterior DMN regions (PCC, PCU).
  • Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) showed greater activation during pleasantness judgments, suggesting self-referential processing.
  • An interaction between encoding performance and pleasantness was observed in the PCC, PCU, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG).

Conclusions:

  • Medial frontal and parietal DMN regions are involved in processing self-referential pleasantness.
  • The findings support the role of internal attention in memory for pleasant stimuli and external attention for unpleasant stimuli.
  • Differential brain modulation during encoding is influenced by the introspective nature of pleasantness judgments.