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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

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Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
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Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

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Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
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Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

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Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Related Experiment Video

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A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
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A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid

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SYNOVIAL CHONDROMATOSIS.

Neylor Pace Lasmar1, Rodrigo Barreiros Vieira2, Juraci de Oliveira Rosa2

  • 1Titular Professor of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, School of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais. Head of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service of the São José University Hospital, School of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais.(HUSJ-FCMMG).

Revista Brasileira De Ortopedia
|April 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare knee condition causing pain and swelling. Surgical removal of cartilaginous bodies led to a full recovery, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis.

Keywords:
ChondromatosisKneeMetaplasia

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pathology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Synovial chondromatosis is a rare, benign metaplasia of the synovial membrane.
  • It leads to the formation of cartilaginous free bodies within the joint space.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to subtle radiological findings.

Observation:

  • A 34-year-old male presented with severe left knee pain and functional incapacitation.
  • Initial symptoms were misdiagnosed as meniscal injury, with normal radiographs.
  • MRI revealed synovial proliferation suggestive of pigmented villonodular synovitis.

Findings:

  • Arthroscopy identified irregular cartilaginous fragments.
  • Anatomopathological examination confirmed synovial chondromatosis.
  • Surgical removal and synovectomy resulted in complete symptom resolution.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the diagnostic difficulties of synovial chondromatosis, especially when non-calcified.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and patient outcomes.
  • Successful surgical intervention can restore full knee function.