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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

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The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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The Thoracic Cage: Sternum01:17

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The thoracic or rib cage forms the body's thorax (chest) portion. Its primary function in the body is to protect vital organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and the lungs. It consists of 12 pairs of ribs with their costal cartilages and the sternum. The ribs are anchored posteriorly to the 12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
The sternum is the elongated bony structure on the anterior side of the thoracic cage. It consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid...
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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 23, 2026

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
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Scapular Notching.

David Dare1, Joshua S Dines, Collin Tebo

  • 1Orthopaedic Surgery Resident, Department of Academic Training, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York.

Instructional Course Lectures
|April 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty improves function in rotator cuff-deficient shoulders but can cause scapular notching. Understanding its causes and prevention is crucial for surgeons.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics
  • Implant Design

Background:

  • Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) offers benefits for rotator cuff-deficient shoulders.
  • Scapular notching is a known complication of RTSA, potentially caused by component impingement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the factors contributing to scapular notching after RTSA.
  • To discuss strategies for minimizing scapular notching incidence and its clinical impact.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of patient-specific, surgical, and prosthetic factors.
  • Analysis of surgical techniques and implant design modifications.

Main Results:

  • Scapular notching is linked to mechanical impingement and may progress over time.
  • Patient factors, surgical approach, and prosthetic design influence notching.
  • Surgical strategies like glenosphere positioning and size can reduce notching.

Conclusions:

  • Scapular notching is a significant complication of RTSA with unknown long-term effects.
  • Understanding contributing factors and implementing preventative surgical techniques is essential for optimal patient outcomes.