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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

3.7K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
3.7K

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Tissue Collection and RNA Extraction from the Human Osteoarthritic Knee Joint
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The Difficult Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Arthur L Malkani1, Kirby D Hitt, Sameer Badarudeen

  • 1Professor, Chief of Adult Reconstruction, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Instructional Course Lectures
|April 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is increasingly used for knee arthritis, even in complex cases. Surgeons need awareness of principles to minimize complications and improve outcomes in challenging TKA procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee arthritis has seen a significant rise.
  • Indications for TKA have broadened to include younger, more active patients, elderly patients with comorbidities, and those with complex issues like posttraumatic arthritis or severe deformity.
  • TKA is also utilized for salvage procedures after failed unicondylar arthroplasty or osteotomies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the expanding indications and challenges associated with primary total knee arthroplasty.
  • To emphasize the need for surgeons to understand general principles for managing complex TKA cases.
  • To underscore strategies for minimizing complications and enhancing outcomes in TKA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current trends and challenges in primary total knee arthroplasty.
  • Discussion of patient populations with expanded TKA indications.
  • Consideration of surgical techniques for complex deformities and conditions.

Main Results:

  • TKA is increasingly performed in diverse patient groups, including younger, older, and complex cases.
  • Challenging exposures and outcomes can occur in patients with soft-tissue contractures (stiff knees).
  • Bone grafting or augments may be necessary for significant varus or valgus deformities.

Conclusions:

  • Total knee arthroplasty is a growing treatment for knee arthritis with expanding indications.
  • Surgeons must be aware of specific challenges in TKA, such as deformity, bone loss, contractures, comorbidities, and prior surgeries.
  • Adherence to general principles is crucial for minimizing complications and optimizing outcomes in total knee arthroplasty.