Arterial Stiffness, BMI, Dipping Status and ACE D/I Polymorphism in Type 1 Diabetic Children
I Pietrzak1, W Fendler2, I Dróżdż2
1Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Haematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
Summary
Arterial stiffness in youth with type 1 diabetes is linked to age, BMI, and specific genetic factors. Non-dipping blood pressure patterns and ACE gene variations are associated with increased arterial stiffness.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Disorders
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) poses risks for cardiovascular complications.
- Arterial stiffness is an early indicator of cardiovascular disease.
- Understanding determinants of arterial stiffness in T1DM is crucial for pediatric health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify clinical and genetic factors influencing arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with T1DM.
- To assess the relationship between Ambulatory Arterial Stiffness Index (AASI) and various patient characteristics.
Main Methods:
- 122 T1DM patients (mean age 16.0 years) without hypertension were studied.
- 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring assessed AASI.
- Analysis included ACE gene polymorphism (I/D) and clinical data (HbA1c, lipids, BMI-SDS).
Main Results:
- Mean AASI was 0.22±0.20, positively correlating with age and BMI-SDS.
- Higher AASI was observed in non-dippers compared to dippers (p=0.04).
- ACE gene II homozygosity was significantly associated with higher AASI (p=0.007).
Conclusions:
- Arterial stiffness in T1DM youth is associated with age, BMI-SDS, and non-dipping status.
- The Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene I-allele is a genetic determinant of increased arterial stiffness in this population.
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