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Understanding strength exercise intentions and behavior in hematologic cancer survivors: an analysis of the
James R Vallerand1, Ryan E Rhodes2, Gordon J Walker1
1Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, 1-113 University Hall, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2H9.
Background:
Strength exercise improves many health outcomes in cancer survivors but the prevalence and correlates of strength exercise have not been well-described. Moreover, no study has examined the critical intention-behavior gap for exercise in cancer survivors.
Purpose:
The aims of this study are to quantify the intention-behavior gap for strength exercise in hematologic cancer survivors (HCS) and examine correlates of both intention formation and translation using the multi-process action control framework (M-PAC).
Methods:
A random sample of 2100 HCS in Alberta, Canada, were mailed a survey assessing strength exercise behavior, the M-PAC, and demographic/medical variables. Separate logistic regressions were used to analyze the relationships between the correlates and intention formation and translation.
Results:
Surveys were completed by 606 HCS with 58 % (n = 353) intending to do strength exercise. HCS who were not retired (OR = 1.56, p = 0.001), were highly educated (OR = 1.32, p = 0.001), and had a favorable attitude (OR = 1.56, p < 0.001), descriptive norm (OR = 1.38, p = 0.006), injunctive norm (OR = 1.45, p = 0.004), and perceived control (OR = 1.38, p < 0.001), were more likely to form an exercise intention. Of those with an exercise intention, 51 % (n = 181) reported regular strength exercise. HCS with a detailed plan (OR = 1.86, p < 0.001), favorable attitude (OR = 1.68, p = 0.001), sense of obligation (OR = 1.38, p = 0.010), and self-regulated their affinity for competing activities (OR = 1.35, p = 0.012), were more likely to translate their intention into behavior.
Conclusion:
Just over half of HCS intended to do strength exercise and only half of intenders translated that intention into behavior.
Implications For Cancer Survivors:
Interventions targeting both intention formation and translation may provide the best approach for increasing strength exercise in HCS.
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