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Updated: Mar 23, 2026

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Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists Decrease Cancer Risk in Asthma Patients

Ming-Ju Tsai1,2, Ping-Hsun Wu3,4, Chau-Chyun Sheu1,5

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Scientific Reports
|April 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) show promise in cancer chemoprevention. This study found LTRA use significantly reduced cancer risk in asthma patients, with risk decreasing in a dose-dependent manner.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • In vitro and in vivo studies suggest cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) have chemopreventive potential.
  • Clinical evidence for the chemopreventive effects of LTRAs is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemopreventive effect of LTRAs in a clinical setting.
  • To evaluate the association between LTRA use and cancer risk in asthma patients.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide population-based study using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database.
  • Matching 4185 LTRA users with 20925 LTRA non-users diagnosed with asthma (2001-2011).
  • Multivariable Cox regression analyses to assess cancer incidence and LTRA use, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • LTRA users exhibited a significantly lower cancer incidence rate compared to non-users.
  • LTRA use was identified as an independent protective factor against cancer (HR = 0.31).
  • Cancer risk decreased progressively with increasing cumulative doses of LTRAs.

Conclusions:

  • LTRA use is associated with a reduced cancer risk in asthma patients.
  • The chemopreventive effect of LTRAs appears to be dose-dependent.
  • Further clinical studies are warranted to explore the chemopreventive role of LTRAs.

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