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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics01:22

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Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
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Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Delayed-Release Systems01:11

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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview01:19

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Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Core-Shell Chitosan Microcapsules for Programmed Sequential Drug Release.

Xiu-Lan Yang1, Xiao-Jie Ju1, Xiao-Ting Mu1

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and ‡State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomaterials Science and Technology, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Novel chitosan microcapsules offer programmed sequential drug release for acute gastritis treatment. This microfluidic-developed system ensures initial burst release followed by sustained drug delivery.

Keywords:
PLGAchitosanmicrocapsulescnanoparticlesprogrammed sequential drug release

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Acute gastritis requires effective therapeutic strategies for inflammation and symptom management.
  • Current drug delivery systems often lack precise control over release kinetics, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes.
  • Chitosan-based materials show promise for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel core-shell chitosan microcapsules for programmed sequential drug release.
  • To investigate the acid-triggered release mechanism and evaluate the potential for acute gastritis therapy.
  • To explore the versatility of these microcapsules in advanced biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Microfluidic technique for fabricating core-shell chitosan microcapsules.
  • Incorporation of free drug molecules and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles within an oily core.
  • Acid-induced decomposition of the chitosan shell to trigger drug release.
  • Evaluation of drug release kinetics (burst and sustained release).

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed core-shell chitosan microcapsules with structural integrity under non-acidic conditions.
  • Demonstrated acid-triggered burst release of free drugs and drug-loaded PLGA nanoparticles within 60 seconds.
  • Achieved sustained drug release over several days from PLGA nanoparticles via diffusion and degradation.
  • Confirmed programmed sequential release profile for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Core-shell chitosan microcapsules provide a promising platform for programmed sequential drug delivery.
  • The acid-triggered release mechanism is effective for rapid and sustained drug administration.
  • These microcapsules offer a versatile approach for treating acute gastritis and other biomedical applications.