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An On-Chip Disposable Salivary Glucose Sensor for Diabetes Control.

Yunqing Du1, Wenjun Zhang2, Ming L Wang2,3

  • 1Interdisciplinary Engineering Program, College of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA du.yu@husky.neu.edu.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|April 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Noninvasive salivary glucose (SG) monitoring offers a comfortable alternative to finger pricks for diabetes management. SG levels closely track blood glucose (BG), suggesting potential for reliable glycemic control and disease prognosis.

Keywords:
biochemistrydiabetesenzymologyoral diagnosissalivasalivary diagnostics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Diabetes self-management typically relies on invasive blood glucose (BG) monitoring via finger pricks.
  • Frequent BG measurements can be uncomfortable and burdensome for patients.
  • Saliva presents a promising, easily accessible biofluid for noninvasive glucose monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an on-chip disposable glucose nano-biosensor for real-time salivary glucose (SG) measurement.
  • To assess the correlation between SG levels and BG levels in healthy subjects for potential application in diabetes care.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a disposable glucose nano-biosensor using a layer-by-layer assembly process.
  • Conducting a clinical study with 10 healthy subjects to validate SG sensor performance.
  • Analyzing the relationship between salivary and blood glucose levels under fasting and postprandial conditions.

Main Results:

  • Consistent individual fasting blood glucose/salivary glucose (BG/SG) ratios were observed over a year.
  • SG levels closely mirrored BG level fluctuations after meals.
  • A 15-30 minute delay was noted between peak BG and SG levels.
  • The BG/SG ratio normalized to fasting levels approximately 2 hours post-meal.

Conclusions:

  • Measuring fasting and postprandial SG levels can aid in glycemic self-management.
  • Salivary glucose monitoring shows potential for reliable diabetes monitoring and disease prognosis.
  • This noninvasive method complements, but does not replace, traditional BG testing.