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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

820
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
820
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists01:23

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Prostacyclin Receptor Agonists

591
Prostacyclin receptor agonists are a class of therapeutic agents integral to managing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). These drugs operate by mimicking the action of prostaglandin I2, or PGI2, a naturally occurring compound in the body.
These agonists bind to the IPR receptor situated on the plasma membrane of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. This binding triggers a cascade of reactions known as the GS-AC-cAMP-PKA pathway. This pathway results in the relaxation of smooth muscle...
591
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers01:26

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Calcium Channel Blockers

631
Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are two critical categories of drugs employed in the treatment of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). PAH is a disease that causes high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in chest pain, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
TKIs, such as imatinib (Gleevec), are particularly effective in tackling the growth and mitogenic factors that become upregulated in PAH patients. These factors contribute to the...
631
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists01:18

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

541
Endothelins (ETs) are potent vasoactive peptides critical in the human body's various physiological and pathological processes. One of the most promising therapeutic strategies for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) involves counteracting the effects of these endothelins using a class of drugs known as endothelin receptor antagonists.
ETs are synthesized through a complex sequence of enzymatic steps, primarily involving an enzyme referred to as endothelin-converting enzyme...
541
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

704
Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
704
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure

723
Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
Oxygen therapy is vital in increasing and maintaining blood oxygen levels in PAH patients. As a result, it aids in reducing fatigue,...
723

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Increasing Pulmonary Artery Pulsatile Flow Improves Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Piglets
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[Drug-induced Pulmonary Hypertension - a Current Review].

S Günther1, J Behr2, H Knoop3

  • 1Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, Frankreich.

Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany)
|April 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Certain drugs, including appetite suppressants and chemotherapy, are linked to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Further research and clinical vigilance are essential for early identification and management of drug-induced PH.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) is classified into five groups, with drug-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) under Group 1.
  • This study reviews existing data on the association between various drug intakes and the development of PAH.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate and analyze available literature on drug-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
  • To highlight the association between specific drug classes and the development of PAH.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was conducted in PubMed for publications from 1960 to 2015.
  • Keywords included "pulmonary hypertension," "pulmonary arterial hypertension," "drug induced pulmonary hypertension," and "chemotherapy induced PVOD."
  • Publications in German, English, and French were considered.

Main Results:

  • An association between drug intake and PH development was identified for several medications.
  • Notable drug classes linked to PH include appetite suppressants, interferon alpha/beta, and various chemotherapeutic agents.

Conclusions:

  • Literature on drug-induced PH primarily consists of case reports and small cohorts.
  • Increased discussion necessitates further research and collaboration between clinicians, expert centers, and regulatory agencies.
  • Clinicians should conduct thorough patient drug history interviews for PH evaluation.