Client, Contextual and Program Elements Influencing Supported Employment: A Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Rehabilitation Medicine
• Psychiatry
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Supported Employment (SE) is an evidence-based practice for individuals with disabilities.
• Existing research primarily focuses on employment rates and wages, with limited exploration of influencing factors.
• The Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model is a key component of SE.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review literature on factors impacting SE effectiveness, longevity, and implementation.
• To identify characteristics of individuals who benefit most from SE.
• To explore the role of peer support and barriers to effective SE.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of existing research on Supported Employment.
• Synthesis of findings related to labor market trends, employment outcomes, and client characteristics.
• Analysis of program elements and implementation barriers.

Main Results:

• Labor market dynamics significantly influence SE effectiveness and the longevity of its effects.
• Client characteristics and specific program elements beyond the core IPS model are crucial for success.
• Peer support plays a role, and various barriers hinder effective SE implementation.

Conclusions:

• SE outcomes are influenced by a complex interplay of external factors and program specifics.
• Further research and service enhancements are needed to optimize SE for diverse populations.
• Addressing implementation barriers and leveraging peer support can improve SE efficacy.