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Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...
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Association Between Metacognition and Mood Symptoms Poststroke.

Claire Donnellan1, M Al Banna2, N Redha2

  • 1School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain School of Postgraduate Studies, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland cdonnel@tcd.ie.

Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
|April 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Metacognition significantly impacts mood symptoms like anxiety and depression after stroke. This cognitive function is a stronger predictor than global cognition, especially in populations with lower literacy.

Keywords:
anxietydepressionexecutive functionglobal cognitionmetacognitionstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • The link between metacognition and mood is established in various psychological conditions.
  • Evidence for this association in stroke patients, particularly in the acute phase, is lacking.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for developing targeted interventions post-stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between metacognition and mood symptoms (anxiety and depression) in the acute phase following a stroke.
  • To examine metacognition within the framework of the Self-Regulatory Executive Function model.
  • To compare the predictive power of metacognition against executive function and global cognition on mood symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study in Bahrain involving 130 stroke patients, with 64 assessed for mood and cognition.
  • Cognitive assessments included the Mini-Mental State Examination, Trail Making Test (A+B), and Metacognition Questionnaire 30 (MCQ-30).
  • Mood symptoms were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and stroke severity was measured by the National Institute of Health Stroke Severity Scale.

Main Results:

  • Total scores on the Metacognition Questionnaire 30 (MCQ-30) showed significant associations with both anxiety (r = .47, P = .001) and depression (r = .54, P < .0001).
  • Specific metacognitive factors like cognitive confidence, self-consciousness, and uncontrollability/danger were linked to mood symptoms (P < .01).
  • Metacognition remained a significant correlate of depression (β = .42, P < .0001) and anxiety (β = .51, P < .0001) even after adjusting for education and global cognition.

Conclusions:

  • Metacognition is a significant determinant of mood symptoms, including anxiety and depression, in the acute phase after stroke.
  • Metacognition demonstrates a stronger association with mood symptoms post-stroke compared to executive function and global cognition.
  • These findings are particularly relevant for older populations with high illiteracy rates, highlighting metacognition's importance in stroke recovery.