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Related Concept Videos

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery

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Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
Short-acting insulins are divided into...
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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
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Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems: Injectables, Implants, and Infusion Devices01:28

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Parenteral drug delivery systems play a crucial role in modern therapeutics by enabling the direct administration of drugs into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. These systems are particularly valuable for poorly absorbed oral medications that are unstable in the digestive environment or require rapid onset or sustained therapeutic levels. Delivery is achieved through intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous routes, each selected based on the drug's properties...
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IV Infusion to Oral Dosing: Conversion Methods01:28

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The development of extended-release formulations has facilitated the transition from intravenous to oral medication, offering a more convenient and patient-friendly approach to drug administration. This transition, however, requires careful management to ensure that therapeutic drug levels are maintained, preserving efficacy and avoiding adverse effects. Understanding pharmacokinetic principles and dosage calculations is critical during this process.Pharmacokinetics of the...
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Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
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Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing01:23

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Focusing involves centering a conversation on a message's critical elements or concepts. Focusing is valuable if the talk is vague or patients begin to repeat themselves. Sometimes, when patients are asked about their symptoms, they may go off-topic and try to tell their entire life story. Respectfully, the nurse should bring the conversation back into focus.
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Related Experiment Video

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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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Improving Patient Experience With Insulin Infusion Sets: Practical Guidelines and Future Directions.

Alison B Evert1, Bruce W Bode2, Bruce A Buckingham3

  • 1Diabetes Care Center, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington (Ms Evert, Dr Hirsch)

The Diabetes Educator
|April 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Insulin infusion sets (IISs) are crucial for insulin pump therapy. New IIS innovations and guidelines aim to improve patient education and address issues like unexplained hyperglycemia and blockages.

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Area of Science:

  • Diabetes technology
  • Endocrinology
  • Medical device innovation

Background:

  • Insulin infusion sets (IISs) are vital for effective insulin pump therapy.
  • Lack of formal studies and educational resources hinders best practices for IIS use.
  • Innovations in IIS technology are emerging to address issues like unexplained hyperglycemia and infusion set occlusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Re-evaluate complications associated with insulin infusion sets in pump therapy.
  • Characterize factors influencing patient experience with infusion sets.
  • Update priorities for optimizing current insulin infusion set technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Convened a panel of diabetologists and certified diabetes educators in August 2015.
  • Focused on reconsidering IIS-related complications and patient experience factors.
  • Developed actionable guidelines for common IIS issues.

Main Results:

  • Identified common IIS issues: skin reactions, site rotation, dislodgment, and catheter blockage.
  • These issues can lead to IIS failure and unexplained hyperglycemia.
  • Provided practical guidelines for managing these complications.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized guidelines and practical tools are needed to empower patients in managing IIS problems.
  • Effective troubleshooting of IIS issues is essential for preventing unexplained hyperglycemia.
  • Realizing the full benefits of insulin pump therapy requires enhanced patient education on IIS management.