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[Drug-induced Cognitive Impairment].

Moeko Shinohara1, Masahito Yamada

  • 1Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|April 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals are susceptible to drug-induced cognitive impairments due to reduced organ function. Early identification and cessation of causative medications are crucial for preventing dementia and delirium.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Context:

  • Older adults exhibit increased vulnerability to medication-related cognitive deficits compared to younger populations.
  • Impaired renal and hepatic functions in the elderly contribute to heightened susceptibility to drug toxicity.
  • Cognitive impairments, including dementia and delirium, are recognized complications of various medications.

Purpose:

  • To highlight the association between medication use and cognitive impairment in the elderly.
  • To identify specific drug classes implicated in causing cognitive dysfunction.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and medication withdrawal.

Summary:

  • Anticholinergic drugs, psychoactive medications (antidepressants, anticonvulsants), and even non-psychoactive agents like histamine H2 receptor antagonists, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and cardiac drugs can precipitate cognitive issues.
  • Both acute (delirium) and chronic (dementia) cognitive impairments can result from drug toxicity in older adults.
  • The study underscores that drug-induced cognitive impairment is a significant concern in geriatric populations.

Impact:

  • Facilitates early detection and intervention strategies for drug-induced cognitive impairment in elderly patients.
  • Informs healthcare providers about potential medication risks in older adults, guiding safer prescribing practices.
  • Contributes to the prevention of irreversible cognitive decline by promoting prompt withdrawal of offending agents.

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