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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

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The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
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Pneumorrhachis.

Umit Eroglu1, Fatih Yakar1, Murat Zaimoglu1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara University Medicine School, Ibni Sina Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Asian Journal of Neurosurgery
|April 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Spontaneous pneumorrhachis, or air in the spinal canal, is rare. This case report details a 44-year-old female with nontraumatic, spontaneous air in the lumbar epidural space.

Keywords:
Airpneumorrhachisspinal canal

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging and Diagnostics
  • Spinal Anatomy and Pathology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pneumorrhachis is the presence of air within the spinal canal.
  • Spontaneous, nontraumatic pneumorrhachis is an exceptionally rare clinical finding.
  • Understanding the pathways of air migration into the spinal epidural space is crucial.

Observation:

  • A 44-year-old female presented with spontaneous pneumorrhachis.
  • Air was identified within the lumbar epidural space at the L5-S1 level.
  • The patient's presentation was spontaneous and non-iatrogenic.

Findings:

  • The case illustrates a rare instance of air traversing from the pulmonary system to the spinal epidural space.
  • Peripheral alveolar rupture, potentially linked to increased intrathoracic pressure, is a proposed mechanism.
  • The pathway involves air migration through the mediastinum and retropharyngeal space.

Implications:

  • This case expands the understanding of rare spinal air embolism etiologies.
  • Highlights the importance of considering pulmonary-spinal pathways in spontaneous pneumorrhachis.
  • Further research into the precise mechanisms and clinical significance of spontaneous pneumorrhachis is warranted.