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Differences in state drug testing and reporting by driver type in U.S. fatal traffic crashes
Megan E Slater1, I-Jen P Castle1, Barry K Logan2
1CSR, Incorporated, 4250 Fairfax Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22203, United States.
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|April 10, 2016
Summary
Drug testing rates in fatal crashes vary significantly by driver outcome and fault. Improving drug testing policies and reporting is crucial for accurate drugged driving analysis.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Traffic Safety
- Forensic Science
Background:
- Drug-impaired driving is a growing concern despite prevention efforts.
- The Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) is a key data source but has completeness issues for drug use analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- Analyze state drug testing rates in fatal crashes using 2013 FARS data.
- Identify factors influencing testing rates and discuss data limitations.
- Propose improvements for future drugged driving data analysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the 2013 FARS dataset.
- Examined drug testing rates based on driver type and fault.
- Assessed correlations with state-level factors like blood alcohol content (BAC) testing rates.
Main Results:
- Highest drug testing rates were observed for drivers who died at the scene (median=70.8%) and those at fault (median=64.4%).
- Lowest rates were for surviving drivers not hospitalized (median=14.0%) or not at fault (median=10.0%).
- States with higher BAC testing rates generally showed higher drug testing rates.
Conclusions:
- Standardization and mandatory testing policies could increase drug testing rates.
- Caution is advised when interpreting current FARS data due to limitations.
- Further research and improved drug testing/reporting are needed to accurately assess impaired driving.
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