Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 22, 2026
06:11
Employing the Forced Oscillation Technique for the Assessment of Respiratory Mechanics in Adults
Published on: February 9, 2022
6.5K
Cricoid and left bronchial diameter in the pediatric population
Tariq M Wani1,2, Mahmood Rafiq1, Rayan Terkawi2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Paediatric Anaesthesia
|April 11, 2016
Summary
Pediatric airway measurements are crucial for lung isolation. The ratio of cricoid to left mainstem bronchus diameter remains constant across ages, aiding device development.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Medical Imaging
- Anatomy
Background:
- Lung isolation in children presents challenges due to poorly defined airway dimensions.
- Accurate measurements of the mainstem bronchi are needed for pediatric endotracheal tube selection and lung isolation device development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the relationship between left mainstem bronchus (LMSB) diameter and cricoid ring diameter in children.
- To investigate the influence of age, weight, and height on these pediatric airway dimensions.
Main Methods:
- Computed tomography (CT) scans of 102 children (1 month to 10 years) were analyzed.
- Cricoid and LMSB diameters were measured, and their relationship to age, gender, height, and weight was assessed using univariate regression analysis.
Main Results:
- Both cricoid and LMSB diameters increase with age, height, and weight in children.
- A constant ratio of approximately 0.78 ± 0.14 was observed between cricoid and LMSB diameters across all ages.
- This ratio was marginally higher in girls compared to boys.
Conclusions:
- The ratio between cricoid and left mainstem bronchus diameters is consistent across pediatric age, height, and weight ranges.
- This stable anatomical relationship can inform the design of pediatric lung isolation devices and airway management tools.
Related Concept Videos
01:23The Bronchial Tree
8.0K
The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
8.0K
01:31Anatomy of Respiratory System II: Lower Respiratory Tract
5.0K
The lower respiratory tract is anatomically composed of several vital structures, including the larynx, trachea, bronchial tree, alveoli, lungs, and pleurae. Each component has a specific function, and all are intricately connected to ensure efficient respiration.
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
The Larynx
It is located between the pharynx and the trachea, acts as a passageway for air, and hosts several critical structures, such as the epiglottis, vocal cords, and glottis. The epiglottis acts as a gateway, guiding food to the...
5.0K
01:29Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
713
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
713
01:27Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
1.2K
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
1.2K
01:22Trachea
6.0K
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of...
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of...
6.0K
01:17Gross Anatomy of the Lungs
6.0K
The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
6.0K