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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Indian chronic kidney disease study: Design and methods.

Vivek Kumar1, Ashok Kumar Yadav1, Sishir Gang2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)
|April 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study investigates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in India. It aims to identify factors influencing CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in diverse Indian populations.

Keywords:
biobankingcardiovascular diseaseschronic kidney diseasecohort studiesepidemiologyrenal replacement therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and associated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in developing nations, particularly India, remain poorly understood.
  • Existing data on CKD progression in India is limited, hindering effective public health strategies and clinical management.
  • There is a critical need for comprehensive, pan-country research to elucidate CKD epidemiology in the Indian subcontinent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the rate and influencing factors of CKD progression in India.
  • To identify risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Indian patients with CKD.
  • To establish a foundation for international comparisons of CKD and CVD, exploring ethnic and geographical variations.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, observational cohort study involving approximately 5000 patients with mild to moderate CKD across diverse Indian geographical regions.
  • Primary endpoints include time to a 50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), initiation of renal replacement therapy, or a new cardiovascular disease (CVD) event or death from CVD.
  • Establishment of a bio-repository for future biomarker discovery and genetic risk factor analysis.

Main Results:

  • Data collection is ongoing; primary results on CKD progression rates and associated risk factors are pending.
  • Analysis will focus on identifying key determinants of CKD progression and CVD incidence within the Indian cohort.
  • Preliminary findings will be compared with international data to highlight unique aspects of CKD in India.

Conclusions:

  • The Indian Chronic Kidney Disease (ICKD) study is poised to provide crucial insights into CKD progression and CVD risk in India.
  • Findings will inform targeted interventions and public health policies for kidney disease management in India and similar settings.
  • The study's bio-repository will facilitate future research into novel biomarkers and genetic predispositions for CKD and CVD.