Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 22, 2026
11:19
Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
Published on: January 17, 2011
18.8K
Paediatric procedural sedation within the emergency department
David Krieser1,2,3,4, Amit Kochar4,5
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Sunshine Hospital.
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|April 11, 2016
Summary
Safe procedural sedation and analgesia for children involves both non-pharmacological and pharmacological methods. Effective sedation plans require collaboration between emergency clinicians, patients, and caregivers, alongside strong governance and education.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine
- Clinical Anesthesiology
- Pain Management
Background:
- Procedural sedation and analgesia are crucial for managing painful procedures in children.
- The practice has evolved alongside pediatric emergency medicine.
- Sedation in emergency departments carries inherent risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the essential components of safe procedural sedation and analgesia in pediatric emergency settings.
- To emphasize the importance of a structured approach to sedation.
- To highlight the collaborative roles of various stakeholders in sedation planning.
Main Methods:
- Review of current practices in procedural sedation and analgesia for children.
- Analysis of governance, education, and credentialing requirements.
- Discussion of risk management strategies in pediatric sedation.
Main Results:
- Non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches are integral to pediatric procedural sedation.
- Structured governance, education, and credentialing are vital for safe practice.
- Multidisciplinary collaboration is key to developing effective sedation plans.
Conclusions:
- Safe and effective procedural sedation in children necessitates a comprehensive approach.
- Robust training and clear guidelines are essential for emergency clinicians.
- Shared responsibility among clinicians, patients, and caregivers ensures optimal sedation outcomes.
Related Concept Videos
01:24Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
902
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
902
01:22Stages of General Anesthesia
2.2K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.2K
01:29Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
943
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
943
01:18Drug Delivery: Enteral Route
2.4K
The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
2.4K
01:31Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses
1.1K
Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
1.1K
01:19Depolarizing Blockers: Pharmocokinetics
707
Depolarizing blockers are administered through intravenous injection. Succinylcholine is the most common choice of depolarizing blockers in emergency clinical practices. Although they have a rapid onset, they readily diffuse away from the motor end plate into the extracellular fluid. They are metabolized by enzymes such as liver butyrylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterases. This produces a short duration of action, typically 5-10 minutes long, unlike nondepolarizing blockers, which...
707