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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests01:15

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Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune condition affecting neuromuscular transmission, causing generalized weakness in skeletal muscles. Initial diagnoses rely on patients' signs, symptoms, and medical history. The challenge lies in distinguishing myasthenia from other muscular dystrophies. An important diagnostic feature is the significant improvement of symptoms after administering anticholinesterase inhibitors.
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
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Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
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Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
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Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients

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ICU-Acquired Weakness.

Sarah E Jolley1, Aaron E Bunnell2, Catherine L Hough3

  • 1Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine and Allergy/Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.

Chest
|April 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Survivors of critical illness often develop ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW), leading to long-term disability. This review explores ICUAW

Keywords:
ICU neuromuscular dysfunctionICU rehabilitationICU-acquired weaknesscritical illness myopathycritical illness polyneuropathy

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Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Increasing ICU utilization and decreasing mortality highlight the importance of survivorship.
  • Critical illness survivors frequently experience persistent physical and cognitive impairments.
  • These impairments lead to increased healthcare costs, reduced quality of life, and unemployment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of ICU-acquired weakness (ICUAW).
  • To discuss diagnostic challenges of ICUAW in critically ill patients.
  • To propose a novel strategy for identifying patients at high risk for ICUAW.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on epidemiologic and pathophysiologic aspects of ICUAW.
  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges in critically ill populations.
  • Development of a proposed risk identification strategy.

Main Results:

  • Up to 80% of ICU patients develop neuromuscular dysfunction, termed ICUAW.
  • ICUAW is linked to prolonged mechanical ventilation, hospitalization, and functional impairment.
  • Knowledge gaps persist regarding high-risk patient identification and long-term outcome impact.

Conclusions:

  • ICUAW is a significant complication of critical illness with substantial long-term consequences.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies are needed to identify at-risk patients.
  • Further research is required to understand the full impact of ICUAW on survivorship.