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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test MSPT: An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
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Relapses in multiple sclerosis: Relationship to disability.

Douglas S Goodin1, Anthony T Reder2, Robert A Bermel3

  • 1Multiple Sclerosis Center, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|April 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reducing relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) is crucial for long-term patient outcomes. Early and prophylactic treatments targeting these neurological attacks can significantly improve the prognosis for individuals with MS.

Keywords:
DisabilityLesionMRIMultiple sclerosisRelapseTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroinflammation

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory central nervous system disease characterized by relapses and remissions.
  • MS leads to progressive neurological disability in many affected individuals.
  • Understanding relapse dynamics is key to managing long-term disease course.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the significance of relapses in the progression of multiple sclerosis.
  • To evaluate the impact of acute and prophylactic relapse treatments on long-term outcomes.
  • To identify short-term measures that predict future disability in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on clinical features and treatment outcomes in multiple sclerosis.
  • Analysis of the association between relapse frequency/severity and long-term disability.
  • Evaluation of treatment strategies aimed at reducing relapse rates.

Main Results:

  • Relapses are a hallmark of MS and are strongly associated with the development of long-term disability.
  • Treatments that decrease the number and severity of relapses are linked to improved long-term prognoses.
  • Short-term outcomes, particularly relapse rates, can predict future disability progression.

Conclusions:

  • Managing relapses is a critical therapeutic goal in multiple sclerosis.
  • Effective relapse treatment, both acute and prophylactic, is essential for improving long-term patient outcomes.
  • Reducing relapse activity offers a viable strategy to mitigate long-term disability in MS.