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A case-control study of dietary salt intake in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis

Jamie McDonald1, Jennifer Graves1, Amy Waldman2

  • 1UCSF Regional Pediatric MS Center, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
|April 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study found no significant link between dietary salt intake and the risk of developing pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS). These findings suggest salt consumption may not be a major factor in childhood MS susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Dietary Science

Background:

  • High salt intake is linked to pro-inflammatory immune responses.
  • In adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), increased salt intake correlates with heightened clinical and MRI activity.
  • The role of salt in pediatric-onset MS remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between dietary salt intake and the risk of pediatric-onset MS.
  • To determine if sodium consumption influences susceptibility to MS in children.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, case-control study involving 170 pediatric-MS cases and 331 controls (under 22 years old).
  • Dietary sodium intake was assessed using the validated Block Kids Food Screener.
  • Logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, and socioeconomic status were employed.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in mean sodium intake was observed between pediatric-MS cases (2044mg/d) and controls (2030mg/d).
  • The proportion of participants consuming excess sodium was similar in both cases (65%) and controls (69%).
  • No increased odds of higher sodium intake were found in cases compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary salt intake does not appear to be strongly associated with the risk of pediatric-onset MS.
  • These findings indicate that salt intake may not be a significant factor in MS susceptibility among children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dietary factorsEpidemiologyMultiple sclerosisPediatricSaltSusceptibility

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