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Gamma camera calibration and validation for quantitative SPECT imaging with (177)Lu.

M D'Arienzo1, M Cazzato2, M L Cozzella1

  • 1National Institute of Ionizing Radiation Metrology, ENEA CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, I-00123 Rome, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing a reliable gamma camera calibration method is crucial for accurate quantitative imaging in Lutetium-177 (177Lu) molecular radiotherapy. This study evaluated calibration factors, recommending the 208keV photopeak for improved precision in clinical practice.

Keywords:
CalibrationGamma cameraMolecular radiotherapyQuantitative imagingRadionuclide therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiotherapy Physics

Background:

  • Lutetium-177 (177Lu) is widely used in molecular radiotherapy, particularly peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT).
  • Accurate quantitative imaging with 177Lu is essential for assessing therapeutic response but lacks standardized protocols.
  • 177Lu emits gamma radiation (113keV, 208keV) suitable for gamma camera imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a gamma camera calibration approach for absolute quantification in 177Lu tomographic imaging.
  • To assess calibration factors using different reference geometries and identify optimal conditions for quantitative accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Calibration factors were assessed for Philips IRIX and AXIS gamma cameras using various geometries (in air, in water).
  • Image degradation effects (attenuation, scatter, dead-time) were corrected.
  • Validation was performed using an anthropomorphic torso phantom filled with 177Lu.

Main Results:

  • Calibration factors were found to be dependent on reference conditions.
  • The Jaszczak phantom in water yielded calibration factors with <1% agreement for the 208keV peak in anthropomorphic geometry.
  • Acquisitions at the 208keV photopeak are recommended due to reduced scatter and attenuation effects compared to 113keV.

Conclusions:

  • A reliable gamma camera calibration method for 177Lu imaging was developed and validated.
  • The Jaszczak phantom in water provides accurate calibration factors for the 208keV photopeak.
  • Standard uncertainty below 3% is achievable with traceable equipment, accurate volume measurements, and stable solutions.