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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Altered brain function, structure, and developmental trajectory in children born late preterm.

Jane E Brumbaugh¹, Amy L Conrad¹, Jessica K Lee²

¹Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.

Pediatric Research

|April 12, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Late preterm birth (34-36 weeks gestation) is linked to cognitive and behavioral difficulties in children up to age 13. Brain imaging reveals structural differences, suggesting long-term effects beyond infancy.

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Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol

Published on: February 18, 2012

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Pediatrics

Background:

Late preterm birth (34-36 weeks gestation) is a common obstetric event.
This condition poses potential risks for altered neurodevelopment in children.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the long-term cognitive, behavioral, and neuroanatomical outcomes in children born late preterm compared to those born full-term.
To identify specific differences in brain structure and cognitive function associated with late preterm birth.

Main Methods:

An observational cohort study comparing children aged 6-13 years, divided into late preterm (n=52) and full-term (n=74) groups.
Cognitive assessments, behavioral evaluations, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain were conducted for all participants.

Main Results:

Late preterm children exhibited slower processing speed, poorer visual-spatial perception, and memory deficits.
Parents reported increased behavioral difficulties in late preterm children; however, no differences in overall cognitive ability or academic achievement were found.
Brain imaging showed reduced total brain tissue and increased cerebrospinal fluid in late preterm children, with specific differences in the cerebrum and thalamus. Full-term children showed age-related decreases in cortical tissue volume and thickness.

Conclusions:

Late preterm birth is associated with lasting effects on cognitive function, behavior, and brain structure.
These findings highlight the importance of monitoring neurodevelopmental trajectories in children born late preterm.
The study suggests that the impact of late preterm birth extends well beyond early childhood.