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When environmentally persistent pathogens transform good habitat into ecological traps.

Clinton B Leach1, Colleen T Webb1, Paul C Cross2

  • 1Department of Biology , Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-quality habitat can become an ecological trap for wildlife metapopulations when persistent pathogens are present. This interaction between habitat quality and disease can negatively impact host persistence, underscoring the need for integrated management strategies.

Keywords:
diseaseecological trapenvironmental transmissionhabitat qualitymetapopulation

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Wildlife Disease Ecology
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Habitat quality is crucial for wildlife metapopulation dynamics and stability.
  • Environmentally persistent pathogens can alter the benefits of high-quality habitats.
  • Ecological traps may form when high-quality habitats increase pathogen exposure and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how habitat quality interacts with persistent pathogens to affect wildlife metapopulations.
  • To determine if high-quality habitats can function as ecological traps under disease pressure.
  • To model the impact of pathogen characteristics on host persistence in varying habitat qualities.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a stochastic patch occupancy model.
  • Simulation of varying pathogen virulence, transmission rates, and environmental persistence.
  • Analysis of habitat quality distribution within the metapopulation.

Main Results:

  • High-quality habitat can act as an ecological trap for pathogens with intermediate spread.
  • This trap effect can be detrimental to host persistence compared to low-quality habitats.
  • The relative importance of habitat quality can be inverted by pathogen presence.

Conclusions:

  • The interplay between spatial structure and pathogen transmission is critical for wildlife management.
  • Considering persistent pathogens is essential when assessing habitat quality for metapopulations.
  • Ecological traps mediated by disease can significantly impact wildlife population viability.