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A single blue nanorod light emitting diode.

Y Hou1, J Bai, R Smith

  • 1Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.

Nanotechnology
|April 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary

We developed a high-performance Indium Gallium Nitride/Gallium Nitride (InGaN/GaN) nanorod light-emitting diode (LED) using a cost-effective method. This compact light source is suitable for advanced photonic integrated circuits.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Standard planar light-emitting diodes (LEDs) face limitations in performance due to the quantum confined Stark effect.
  • Fabrication of advanced optoelectronic devices often requires expensive and time-consuming processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a novel fabrication method for a single Indium Gallium Nitride/Gallium Nitride (InGaN/GaN) nanorod LED.
  • To demonstrate the high performance and reduced quantum confined Stark effect of the nanorod LED compared to planar devices.
  • To investigate the efficiency droop mechanism in the nanorod LED.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a single InGaN/GaN nanorod LED using a cost-effective top-down approach from a standard LED wafer.
  • Optical and electrical characterization to assess device performance and quantum confined Stark effect.
  • Analysis of efficiency droop using an ABC model to identify Auger recombination as the primary cause.

Main Results:

  • The nanorod LED exhibited high performance with a significantly reduced quantum confined Stark effect compared to planar counterparts.
  • Achieved high current density of 5414 A cm(-2) without substantial device damage, attributed to high internal quantum efficiency.
  • Efficiency droop was primarily attributed to Auger recombination, as elucidated by the ABC model.

Conclusions:

  • The developed top-down fabrication approach offers a cost-effective route to producing high-performance InGaN/GaN nanorod LEDs.
  • These nanorod LEDs show potential as compact light sources for advanced photonic integrated circuits.
  • The findings provide insights into managing efficiency droop in nanostructure-based LEDs.