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Related Concept Videos

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Detecting Pre-Stimulus Source-Level Effects on Object Perception with Magnetoencephalography
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Prestimulus influences on auditory perception from sensory representations and decision processes.

Stephanie J Kayser1, Steven W McNair1, Christoph Kayser2

  • 1Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QB, United Kingdom.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Summary

Prestimulus brain activity influences perception through distinct mechanisms in auditory and frontoparietal networks. Brain state power affects sensory evidence, while phase directly impacts choices in higher-level brain regions.

Keywords:
EEGoscillatory brain activityperceptionprestimulus effectssingle-trial decoding

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Perception is influenced by both sensory input and prestimulus brain states.
  • Previous neuroimaging studies show a link between prestimulus states and perception, but interpretations regarding sensory computations versus decision processes are challenging.
  • Auditory system research has reported varied effects of prestimulus phase and power on perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate the impact of prestimulus brain states on early sensory representations versus later decision-making processes.
  • To investigate how prestimulus neural activity, specifically power and phase, influences auditory perception.
  • To examine these effects across different task-relevant frequency bands and brain regions.

Main Methods:

  • Collected behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) data from human participants performing two auditory discrimination tasks.
  • Utilized single-trial decoding to analyze the relationship between prestimulus activity, sensory evidence, and behavioral choices.
  • Examined EEG components within auditory and frontoparietal networks.

Main Results:

  • In auditory networks, prestimulus phase did not directly influence choice, but power in task-specific frequency bands modulated sensory evidence encoding.
  • In frontoparietal regions, prestimulus theta and alpha phase directly influenced choice, independent of sensory evidence.
  • Identified distinct timescales of neural activity relevant to perception based on engaged brain regions.

Conclusions:

  • Prestimulus brain activity shapes perception via two distinct mechanisms: modulation of sensory evidence encoding and direct influence on choice.
  • The role of neural oscillations (phase and power) in perception differs between early sensory processing and later cognitive control regions.
  • Understanding these mechanisms provides insight into how the brain prepares for upcoming sensory events and makes decisions.