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Detecting affiliation in colaughter across 24 societies.

Gregory A Bryant1, Daniel M T Fessler2, Riccardo Fusaroli3

  • 1Department of Communication Studies, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; UCLA Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; gabryant@ucla.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 13, 2016
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Summary

Group laughter signals affiliation, allowing people to distinguish friends from strangers across cultures. Acoustic cues in spontaneous laughter help identify cooperative relationships universally.

Keywords:
cooperationcross-culturallaughtersignalingvocalization

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Acoustic Phonetics

Background:

  • Laughter is a nonverbal vocalization often indicating positive emotions and social bonding.
  • Group laughter (colaughter) provides auditory cues that may signal affiliation to listeners.
  • Understanding how colaughter is perceived across different social contexts is crucial for social cognition research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether listeners can accurately judge affiliation (friends vs. strangers) from colaughter.
  • To explore the acoustic features of colaughter that predict judgments of affiliation.
  • To determine if these affiliation judgments based on colaughter are universal across cultures.

Main Methods:

  • Collected brief, decontextualized instances of colaughter from established friends and strangers.
  • Recruited 966 participants from 24 diverse societies to listen to colaughter samples.
  • Analyzed acoustic properties of laughter segments and correlated them with listener judgments.

Main Results:

  • Participants reliably distinguished between friends' and strangers' colaughter (53-67% accuracy).
  • Acoustic analyses revealed that voicing dynamics consistently predicted affiliation judgments across cultures.
  • Sensitivity to spontaneous production cues in laughter appears to be a key factor.

Conclusions:

  • Colaughter enables rapid and accurate assessments of social affiliation, transcending cultural and linguistic barriers.
  • The findings suggest that colaughter serves as a universal signal for cooperative relationships.
  • Perceptual sensitivity to acoustic cues in spontaneous laughter underpins these cross-cultural judgments.