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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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Referent Predictability is Affected by Syntactic Structure: Evidence from Chinese.

Wei Cheng1, Amit Almor2,3,4

  • 1Linguistics Program, 909 Welsh Humanities Building, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA. chengw22@gmail.com.

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|April 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Syntactic structures significantly impact referent predictability in Chinese sentences. The active canonical structure makes the stimulus referent less predictable than active ba and passive structures, highlighting syntax

Keywords:
Chinese baImplicit causalityImplicit consequentialityPredictability

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Referent predictability is crucial for coherent discourse.
  • The influence of syntactic structures on referent predictability is not fully understood.
  • Stimulus-experiencer (SE) verbs present a unique case for studying referent biases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how different syntactic structures affect referent predictability in Chinese.
  • To determine the interplay between semantic and syntactic factors in referent accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two sentence-completion experiments in Chinese.
  • Focused on stimulus-experiencer (SE) verbs across three syntactic structures: active canonical, active ba, and passive.
  • Analyzed the likelihood of rementioning the stimulus referent in each structure.

Main Results:

  • Verb semantics and discourse coherence create strong referential biases.
  • The active canonical structure showed a lower likelihood of rementioning the stimulus referent compared to active ba and passive structures.
  • Syntactic factors, in addition to semantic ones, influence referent predictability.

Conclusions:

  • Referent predictability is a complex phenomenon influenced by both semantic and syntactic properties of language.
  • The findings have implications for theories of referent accessibility and discourse processing.
  • Understanding syntactic influences is key to predicting referent prominence in language.