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Exposures to acidic aerosols.

J D Spengler1, G J Keeler, P Koutrakis

  • 1School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115.

Environmental Health Perspectives
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Acid aerosol monitoring reveals significant acidity periods in U.S. cities and Ontario, especially during summer. High hydrogen ion (H+) concentrations can exceed safe respiratory deposition levels, posing health risks.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Acid aerosols are a significant air quality concern.
  • Understanding their spatial and temporal distribution is crucial for assessing health impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor ambient acid aerosol concentrations in urban and rural areas.
  • To evaluate potential health risks associated with high acidity episodes.

Main Methods:

  • Ambient air monitoring was conducted in four U.S. cities and a rural region of southern Ontario.
  • Hydrogen ion (H+) concentrations and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) levels were measured.

Main Results:

  • Distinct periods of strong acidity were observed, particularly during summer months in Kingston, TN, and Steubenville, OH.

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  • Episodic H+ concentrations in southern Ontario exceeded levels linked to respiratory tract deposition effects.
  • Maximum estimated 1-hr H+ concentrations surpassed 1500 nmole/m3, with H2SO4 exceeding 50 micrograms/m3.

    • Conclusions:

    • Acid aerosol levels can reach concerning concentrations, especially during summer.
    • High acidity episodes pose a significant risk to respiratory health, particularly for children.
    • Further research and mitigation strategies are warranted to address acid aerosol pollution.