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Nutritional adaptation and variability.

P V Sukhatme1

  • 1Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science, Pune, India.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Human energy requirements are variable and self-regulated within a homeostatic range, allowing intake flexibility without nutritional stress. Below this range, adaptation involves reduced growth and increased metabolic efficiency due to decreased basal metabolic rate (BMR).

Area of Science:

  • Human Physiology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Current nutrition literature often assumes fixed human energy requirements.
  • Experimental data indicate significant variability and self-regulation in energy intake and requirements.
  • This variability exists within a homeostatic range influenced by genotype and environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the variability and self-regulation of human energy requirements.
  • To explore the implications of energy intake within and below the homeostatic range.
  • To examine the adaptive mechanisms to energy stress, including changes in metabolic efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available experimental data on human energy intake and requirements.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of factors contributing to the homeostatic range of energy intake.
  • Examination of evidence regarding adaptation to low energy intake and its impact on metabolic efficiency.

    • Main Results:

    • Human energy requirements are not fixed but are variable and self-regulated within a considerable homeostatic range.
    • Individuals can maintain energy balance within this range without nutritional stress.
    • Below the homeostatic range, adaptation to energy stress involves reduced growth, smaller body size, and increased metabolic efficiency, primarily due to a decrease in basal metabolic rate (BMR).

    Conclusions:

    • Human energy intake is a dynamic, self-regulated process within a defined homeostatic range.
    • Adaptation to chronic energy deficiency leads to heritable changes in body size and enhanced metabolic efficiency.
    • Decreased BMR is a key factor in metabolic adaptation to sustained energy stress.