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Cold-water vibriosis. The current status of knowledge
A Kashulin1, N Seredkina2, H Sørum1
1Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Journal of Fish Diseases
|April 14, 2016
Summary
Cold-water vibriosis (CWV), caused by Aliivibrio salmonicida, significantly impacted salmon aquaculture. Despite vaccination, CWV re-emerged in farmed Atlantic salmon, necessitating further research into its pathogenesis, treatment, and control.
Area of Science:
- Aquatic animal health
- Bacteriology
- Fish disease research
Background:
- Cold-water vibriosis (CWV), caused by Aliivibrio salmonicida (formerly Vibrio salmonicida), emerged as a major bacterial disease in salmon aquaculture in 1986.
- Vaccination strategies significantly boosted Atlantic salmon farming until CWV reappeared in vaccinated fish in 2011.
- Taxonomic changes, including the reclassification of Vibrio salmonicida to Aliivibrio salmonicida, created diagnostic challenges due to name similarity with Aeromonas salmonicida.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive review of 30 years of research on cold-water vibriosis (CWV).
- To summarize current knowledge on CWV pathogenesis, vaccination, and treatment strategies.
- To identify future research directions for understanding and managing CWV in aquaculture.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications on cold-water vibriosis spanning three decades.
- Analysis of research findings related to Aliivibrio salmonicida, its disease mechanisms, and control measures.
- Synthesis of information on vaccine efficacy, treatment outcomes, and diagnostic challenges.
Main Results:
- CWV has been a significant challenge in Atlantic salmon aquaculture since its description in 1986.
- Vaccination initially controlled CWV, but the disease resurged in vaccinated populations in 2011.
- Taxonomic reclassification of the causative agent has complicated disease identification and research.
Conclusions:
- Cold-water vibriosis remains a critical concern for salmon aquaculture, despite advancements in vaccination.
- Understanding the evolving pathogenesis and potential resistance mechanisms in Aliivibrio salmonicida is crucial.
- Further research is needed to develop novel and effective strategies for CWV prevention and treatment.
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