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Probiotics and Synbiotics Decrease Postoperative Sepsis in Elective Gastrointestinal Surgical Patients: a

Sudha Arumugam1, Christine S M Lau1,2, Ronald S Chamberlain3,4,5

  • 1Department of Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ, 07039, USA.

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery : Official Journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract
|April 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Probiotics and synbiotics significantly lower the risk of postoperative sepsis in gastrointestinal surgery patients by 38%. This meta-analysis confirms their value in preventing sepsis after GI surgery.

Keywords:
Gastrointestinal surgeryPerioperative mortalityPostoperative sepsisProbioticSynbiotic

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Infections
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Probiotics and synbiotics are known for health benefits in healthy adults.
  • Their efficacy in preventing postoperative sepsis, especially in gastrointestinal (GI) surgery, is debated.
  • This study addresses the controversy by analyzing their impact on postoperative sepsis incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of probiotics and synbiotics on preventing postoperative sepsis in GI surgical patients.
  • To analyze the incidence of postoperative sepsis and mortality in a meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs).

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar (1966-2015).
  • Included were RCTs comparing probiotics/synbiotics against placebo or no treatment in GI surgical patients.
  • Outcomes measured were postoperative sepsis incidence (within 1 month) and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen RCTs with 1201 patients were analyzed.
  • Probiotic and synbiotic use significantly reduced the risk of postoperative sepsis by 38% (RR=0.62, 95% CI 0.52-0.74, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Probiotic/synbiotic supplementation significantly decreases the risk of postoperative sepsis in elective GI surgery.
  • These supplements are valuable adjuncts for patients undergoing GI surgery.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal probiotic/synbiotic strains and dosages.