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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Indicators of depression in elderly and different screening methods.

Amanda Gilvani Cordeiro Matias1, Marília de Andrade Fonsêca2, Maria de Lourdes de Freitas Gomes3

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This study found a high prevalence of depressive symptoms in elderly individuals. Both the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Geriatric Depression Scale showed moderate agreement in screening for depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Depression is a significant concern in the elderly population.
  • Accurate screening tools are crucial for early detection and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly individuals.
  • To assess the agreement between two common screening methods: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 137 elderly participants.
  • Screening for depressive symptoms using PHQ-9 and GDS (15-item version).
  • Statistical analysis using Spearman correlation and Cohen's kappa to evaluate agreement.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of depressive symptoms was 62.8% (PHQ-9) and 52.6% (GDS).
  • Moderate agreement was found between the scales (Spearman's rho=0.387, Kappa=0.41).
  • Screening methods demonstrated 80% sensitivity and 44% specificity.

Conclusions:

  • Both PHQ-9 and GDS are useful tools for detecting depression in the elderly.
  • The study highlights a relevant prevalence of depressive symptoms in this demographic.
  • Moderate agreement suggests complementary use or consideration of scale-specific characteristics.