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Multivariate Analyses of Urinary Calculi Composition: A 13-Year Single-Center Study
Xiong Yang1, Changwen Zhang1, Shiyong Qi1
1Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis
|April 15, 2016
Summary
Urinary stone composition in China shows significant associations with patient age and gender, but not season. Trends indicate increasing dihydrate calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate stones while others decrease over time.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Global incidence and prevalence of urinary stones are rising.
- Demographics and compositions of urolithiasis patients show recent shifts.
- Seasonal variations may influence urinary stone composition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in urinary stone pathogenesis using stone analyses.
- To investigate the relationship between stone composition and patient demographics/seasonality in North China.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 2,383 urinary stone samples collected between 2002 and 2014.
- Infrared spectroscopy for urinary calculi composition analysis.
- Logistic regression to assess associations with season, gender, and age.
Main Results:
- Calcium-containing calculi were most frequent (84.1%).
- Females had higher rates of calcium phosphate (CaP) and magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) stones; males had more calcium oxalate (COM, COD) and uric acid (UA) stones.
- Older age correlated with increased UA stones and decreased COD, CaP, cystine stones. COD and MAP stone frequencies increased from 2002-2014, while CaP, UA, and cystine stones decreased. Season showed no significant association with stone composition.
Conclusions:
- This study presents current urolithiasis composition data in China.
- Age and gender significantly influence urinary stone composition.
- Seasonal factors did not demonstrate a significant association with stone composition in this cohort.
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