Genetic differences based on a beef terminal index are reflected in future phenotypic performance differences in
S M Connolly1, A R Cromie2, D P Berry1
11Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre,Teagasc,Moorepark,Co. Cork,Ireland.
Animal : an International Journal of Animal Bioscience
|April 15, 2016
Summary
Genetic merit significantly impacts animal carcass traits, leading to heavier carcasses, better conformation, and increased value. Selection based on a terminal index effectively improves animal performance across production systems.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Genetics
- Agricultural Economics
Background:
- Rising global demand for animal protein necessitates genetic improvement and management strategies.
- Genetic merit is a key factor in enhancing livestock productivity and profitability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the relationship between genetic merit and phenotypic carcass traits in commercial herds.
- To assess the impact of a terminal index on animal performance and economic returns.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of carcass phenotypes (weight, conformation, fat score, price) from 156,864 animals.
- Categorization of animals into four terminal index groups based on genetic merit estimates.
- Statistical modeling to examine associations between terminal index and phenotypic performance, considering gender and early life experiences.
Main Results:
- Animals in the highest genetic merit group produced carcasses 38.7 kg heavier, with 2.21 units greater conformation, and 0.82 units less fat.
- Genetically superior animals were slaughtered 6 days younger and yielded carcasses worth €187 more.
- Regression coefficients for carcass weight, conformation, and fat on estimated breeding values (EBVs) were close to one, indicating strong genetic influence.
Conclusions:
- Selection using an appropriate terminal index demonstrably improves animal performance and economic outcomes.
- Genetic selection for improved carcass traits is effective across diverse production systems.
- While gender and early life experiences influence traits, genetic merit remains the primary driver of performance.
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