Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Preparedness and Phobias01:09

Preparedness and Phobias

432
Human fear responses to certain stimuli, such as darkness, heights, deep water, and blood, can often arise despite the absence of direct negative experiences. This phenomenon is rooted in evolutionary psychology, which posits that humans have developed a predisposition to fear stimuli that historically posed significant survival threats. This predisposition, known as preparedness, suggests that early humans who developed a fear of potentially dangerous entities, such as venomous snakes and...
432
Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

725
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
725
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

3.5K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
3.5K
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

53.4K
Overview
53.4K
Social Facilitation01:04

Social Facilitation

36.7K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
36.7K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

17.8K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
17.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neural commonalities and dissociations of human social and experiential learning.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026
Same author

Antisocial and prosocial behaviors as predictors of subsequent substance use in adolescence.

Addictive behaviors·2025
Same author

Dissociating social reward learning and behavior in alcohol use disorder.

Translational psychiatry·2025
Same author

Effects of described demonstrator ability on brain and behavior when learning from others.

NPJ science of learning·2025
Same author

Delusion-proneness predicts COVID-19 vaccination behavior.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2024
Same author

Peer threat evaluations shape one's own threat perceptions and feelings of distress.

Cognition & emotion·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.5K

Immunization against social fear learning.

Armita Golkar1, Andreas Olsson1

  • 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychology Section, Karolinska Institutet.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
|April 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Safety information from a demonstrator prevents social fear learning. This observational preexposure limits fear transmission, even in new threat contexts, highlighting a crucial counter-mechanism to social fear.

Area of Science:

  • Social psychology
  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Learning and memory

Background:

  • Social fear learning efficiently transmits threat information.
  • Mechanisms counteracting social fear transmission are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how safety information influences observational fear learning.
  • To determine if safety preexposure can prevent social fear acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments utilized observational learning paradigms.
  • Participants were exposed to safety or danger cues from demonstrators.
  • Subsequent fear responses to threat cues were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Safety information during preexposure prevented subsequent observational fear learning.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

5.2K
Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

36.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker
08:32

Disrupting Reconsolidation of Fear Memory in Humans by a Noradrenergic β-Blocker

Published on: December 18, 2014

23.5K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research
05:03

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Mechanisms of Stress Resilience - Significant Findings, Advancements, and Future Research

Published on: December 15, 2023

5.2K
Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
11:17

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

36.3K
  • This protective effect persisted in a new context with direct threat confrontation.
  • Protection was specific to safety and danger information from the same demonstrator.

    • Conclusions:

    • Observational preexposure to safety information can effectively limit social fear transmission.
    • This highlights a potential mechanism for reducing socially acquired fear.
    • Further research is needed on generalization across demonstrators.