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Current Situation of Treatment for Anaphylaxis in a Japanese Pediatric Emergency Center

Takeshi Ninchoji, Sota Iwatani, Masahiro Nishiyama

    Pediatric Emergency Care
    |April 15, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    In Japan, pediatric anaphylaxis treatment lacked prehospital adrenaline use. Adrenaline was administered only to severely ill children in emergency settings, highlighting a need for better education.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Emergency Medicine
    • Allergy and Immunology
    • Clinical Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction requiring prompt intervention.
    • Intramuscular adrenaline is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
    • Current treatment practices in Japanese pediatric primary emergency facilities are not well-documented.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the current status of anaphylaxis treatment in a Japanese pediatric primary emergency facility.
    • To analyze clinical characteristics and treatment patterns of pediatric anaphylaxis patients.
    • To compare treatment approaches based on adrenaline administration.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of medical records from Kobe Children's Primary Emergency Medical Center (April 2011-March 2014).
    • Inclusion of patients diagnosed with anaphylaxis.
    • Comparison of clinical features between patients receiving and not receiving intramuscular adrenaline.

    Main Results:

    • 217 anaphylaxis cases were identified; 41% were severe (Sampson grade 4+).
    • No prehospital self-administered adrenaline was recorded.
    • Intramuscular adrenaline was given to only 8% of patients during the visit, primarily those with lower oxygen saturation or requiring hospitalization.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant gap exists in prehospital anaphylaxis management in Japan.
    • Education for pediatricians and patients on anaphylaxis treatment, including adrenaline use, is crucial.
    • Current practice suggests adrenaline is reserved for severe cases in primary emergency settings.
    Abstract

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