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Flow-induced delayed Freedericksz transition.

N J Mottram1, G McKay1, C V Brown2

  • 1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XH, United Kingdom.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flow in nematic liquid crystals delays the electric-field-induced Freedericksz transition. This delay arises from competing torques, as described by the Ericksen-Leslie equations, and depends on shear rate and electric susceptibility anisotropy.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • The Freedericksz transition is a fundamental electro-optic effect in liquid crystals.
  • Understanding flow effects on liquid crystal transitions is crucial for display technologies.
  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit unique responses to electric fields and fluid flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally observe and theoretically explain the delay in the electric-field-induced Freedericksz transition caused by fluid flow.
  • To investigate the competition between flow-aligning and electric-field reorientation torques.
  • To develop a predictive model for the flow-induced delay in nematic liquid crystals.

Main Methods:

  • A compact manometer experiment was employed for direct observation.
  • The Ericksen-Leslie equations were utilized for theoretical modeling.
  • Viscosity values were self-consistently determined to validate the model.

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of a delay to the Freedericksz transition induced by flow in nematic liquid crystals.
  • The Ericksen-Leslie model successfully reproduced experimental findings.
  • A new expression for the delay dependence on shear rate and electric susceptibility anisotropy was derived.

Conclusions:

  • Fluid flow significantly delays the electric-field-induced Freedericksz transition in nematic liquid crystals.
  • The interplay between flow-aligning and electric-field torques governs this delay.
  • The derived expression offers a general prediction for flow-affected electro-optic behavior in nematics.