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Tuning the Contractility and Deformation Modes of Active Actin-Based Assemblies In Vitro: From Two-Dimensional Active Networks to Liquid Crystal Drops
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Viscoelastic and elastomeric active matter: Linear instability and nonlinear dynamics.

E J Hemingway1, M E Cates2, S M Fielding1

  • 1Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|April 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a new model for active viscoelastic matter, combining liquid crystals with polymer dynamics. This research reveals novel flow instabilities and states, including turbulence, with implications for drag reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Polymer Dynamics
  • Active Matter

Background:

  • Active nematic liquid crystals exhibit spontaneous flows.
  • Polymer dynamics introduce viscoelastic properties.
  • The interplay between active and polymeric dynamics is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model active viscoelastic matter by coupling active nematics with polymer dynamics.
  • To analyze the onset criteria for spontaneous heterogeneous flows and deformations.
  • To explore the resulting dynamical states using numerical simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Generalization of linear stability analysis.
  • Direct numerical simulations.
  • Investigation of viscoelastic relaxation time effects.

Main Results:

  • Identified two instability modes: viscous (small relaxation time) and elastomeric (large relaxation time).
  • Observed oscillatory shear-banded states in 1D and activity-driven turbulence in 2D.
  • Demonstrated polymer's potential for drag reduction and revealed rich flow states with antagonistic coupling.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer dynamics significantly alter active nematic behavior, introducing new instability modes and flow states.
  • The elastomeric limit shows persistent activity-driven turbulence.
  • Active viscoelastic matter offers tunable properties for flow control and drag reduction.