Experimental Campylobacter jejuni infection in Macaca nemestrina

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Immunology
• Primate Models

Background:

• Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide.
• Understanding host-pathogen interactions in relevant animal models is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the clinical and pathological outcomes of Campylobacter jejuni infection in Macaca nemestrina (pigtail macaques).
• To assess the development of immunity following C. jejuni infection in this primate model.

Main Methods:

• Experimental infection of specific-pathogen-free Macaca nemestrina monkeys with Campylobacter jejuni 81-176.
• Clinical observation, including monitoring for diarrhea and stool characteristics.
• Histological examination of intestinal biopsies.
• Serological analysis of plasma antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG) to C. jejuni antigens.
• Rechallenge experiments with homologous and heterologous C. jejuni strains.
• Challenge of previously infected juvenile monkeys.

Main Results:

• Infection caused acute colitis with diarrhea, bloody stools, and fecal leukocytes, lasting 7-11 days.
• Histopathology revealed acute colitis in the large intestine but not the small intestine.
• C. jejuni was excreted for 2-4 weeks post-infection, with elevated plasma antibodies.
• Rechallenge resulted in only mild diarrhea and further antibody elevation.
• Previously infected juvenile monkeys showed no illness upon challenge, indicating immunity.

Conclusions:

• Macaca nemestrina serves as a relevant model for studying C. jejuni-induced colitis, mirroring human disease.
• Prior infection with C. jejuni induces protective immunity against subsequent homologous and heterologous challenges in this primate model.