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Published on: December 26, 2015
MiRNAs: potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for cerebral ischaemia
Ruixia Zhu1, Xu Liu1, Ying Zhu1
1a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , China.
Abstract:
MiRNAs are short single-stranded non-coding RNAs that cause degradation or repression of target mRNAs by base pairing with their 3'-untranslated regions. Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of cerebral ischaemia, as well as exerting regulatory effects. Additionally, circulating miRNAs in peripheral blood, which are dysregulated following cerebral ischaemia, have recently been identified as useful biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral ischaemia. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in miRNA genes or target sites are likely to cause complex functional consequences by affecting miRNA biogenesis or target selection. Research on miRNA-SNPs is rapidly growing, and recent studies have identified a significant relationship between miRNAs and ischemic disease. We also address the latest advances in miRNA-based therapeutic approaches for ischemic disease. In conclusion, our review summarizes current research regarding miRNAs and cerebral ischaemia, focusing on the regulatory role of miRNAs in cerebral ischaemia, as well as the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cerebral ischaemia.
Insights
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and are implicated in cerebral ischemia. Dysregulated circulating miRNAs show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this condition.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Neuroscience
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression by targeting messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
- Emerging evidence highlights miRNAs' crucial roles in the development and progression of cerebral ischemia.
- Circulating miRNAs in blood are altered in cerebral ischemia, suggesting their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the regulatory functions of miRNAs in cerebral ischemia.
- To explore the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting cerebral ischemia.
- To discuss miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for treating cerebral ischemia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on miRNAs and cerebral ischemia.
- Analysis of research on single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA genes and their targets.
- Examination of current and emerging miRNA-based therapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- MiRNAs significantly influence the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia.
- Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs can affect miRNA biogenesis and target selection, impacting disease outcomes.
- Circulating miRNAs are dysregulated in cerebral ischemia, serving as potential biomarkers.
Conclusions:
- MiRNAs are key regulators in cerebral ischemia.
- MiRNAs represent promising biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral ischemia.
- MiRNA-based therapies offer a novel avenue for treating cerebral ischemia.
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