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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
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Thrombosis in newborn infants.

Viviana Bacciedoni1,2, Myriam Attie3, Hugo Donato4

  • 1Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Pediátrico Alexander Fleming, Mendoza, M5500GEE, Argentina.

Archivos Argentinos De Pediatria
|April 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Neonatal thrombosis, common in infants due to immature hemostasis and catheter use, requires prompt antithrombotic therapy. Severe cases like purpura fulminans need specific treatments such as protein C replacement.

Keywords:
AnticoagulantsHeparinNewborn infantThrombolytic therapyThrombosis

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Hematology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Neonatal thrombosis incidence surpasses other pediatric stages.
  • Immature hemostatic system, risk factors, and vascular catheter use contribute to thrombosis.
  • Venous thromboses (limbs, renal veins, right atrium) are more common than arterial.
  • Stroke can result from arterial or venous cerebral system occlusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence, causes, and management of thrombosis in newborn infants.
  • To highlight severe thrombotic conditions like purpura fulminans and their specific treatments.
  • To outline current therapeutic strategies for neonatal thrombotic events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of neonatal thrombosis.
  • Analysis of risk factors and common thrombotic sites.
  • Summary of treatment modalities including antithrombotic, replacement, and thrombolytic therapies.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal hemostatic system immaturity and catheter use are key factors.
  • Venous thromboses are more prevalent than arterial.
  • Purpura fulminans is a critical condition linked to protein deficiencies.
  • Heparins are primary antithrombotic agents; thrombolytics are reserved for severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for neonatal thrombosis.
  • Antithrombotic therapy with heparins is standard for most events.
  • Specific treatments are vital for severe conditions like purpura fulminans and life-threatening thrombosis.