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Even in people with normal hearing, aging reduces speech understanding and temporal fine structure (TFS) sensitivity. Brainstem encoding accuracy also declines with age, impacting speech-in-noise abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Speech Perception
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Hearing impairment, particularly in noisy environments, is often linked to reduced auditory temporal processing.
  • Temporal fine structure (TFS) cues are crucial for understanding speech in noise.
  • Developing objective measures for hearing changes is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between perceptual sensitivity to TFS cues, brainstem encoding of sounds, and speech-in-noise understanding.
  • To explore how age affects these auditory functions.
  • To identify potential objective markers for early detection of hearing changes.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral testing of TFS sensitivity and speech-in-noise performance (QuickSIN) in 34 adults (18-63 years).
  • Recording brainstem responses to complex harmonic and amplitude-modulated sounds.
  • Correlating brainstem encoding accuracy with age, TFS sensitivity, and speech-in-noise performance.

Main Results:

  • Speech-in-noise performance positively correlated with TFS sensitivity and negatively with age.
  • TFS sensitivity positively correlated with stimulus encoding accuracy for harmonic sounds.
  • Older age was associated with reduced encoding accuracy for modulated tones.

Conclusions:

  • Increasing age is linked to decreased speech understanding, TFS sensitivity, and brainstem encoding accuracy in normally hearing adults.
  • Good TFS sensitivity was associated with less faithful brainstem encoding of harmonic tones.
  • These findings highlight the impact of age on auditory temporal processing and its relation to speech perception.