Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism01:22

Microbial Interactions: Parasitism

19
Parasitism is a form of microbial interaction in which parasitic microbes exploit a host organism for nutrients and shelter, often at the host's expense. Unlike mutualistic relationships, where both organisms benefit, parasitism benefits only the parasite and harms the host.Classification of ParasitesMicrobial parasites are broadly classified based on their location relative to the host.Ectoparasites remain on the host’s surface, such as the skin or outer tissues, drawing nutrients...
19
Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

38.3K
Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
38.3K
Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

2.0K
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
2.0K
Diversity of Protists I01:15

Diversity of Protists I

2.1K
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
2.1K
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores02:40

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

17.1K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
17.1K
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.5K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gene Editing of a Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Tetraspanin Impairs Parasite Surface Biogenesis and Extracellular Vesicle Uptake by Human Host Cells.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2025
Same author

Immunomics-guided biomarker discovery for human liver fluke infection and infection-associated cholangiocarcinoma.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

The Anthelmintic Activity of Stonefish (<i>Synanceia</i> spp.) Ichthyocrinotoxins and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutics.

Toxins·2025
Same author

Hookworm vaccines: current and future directions.

Expert review of vaccines·2024
Same author

Pharmaceutical Potential of Remedial Plants and Helminths for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Approaches, Strategies and Procedures for Identifying Anti-Inflammatory Drug Lead Molecules from Natural Products.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same journal

The exquisite mechanics of a tsetse bite.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Distinct involvements of the subthalamic nucleus subpopulations in reward-biased decision-making in monkeys.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Pink1-mediated mitophagy in the endothelium releases proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA and activates neutrophil responses during inflammation.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Restraint of melanoma progression by cells in the local skin environment.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Brawn before bite in endemic Asian eutherian mammals after the end-Cretaceous extinction.

eLife·2026
Same journal

Experimental evolution to thermal stress indicates climate resilience in a cosmopolitan arthropod.

eLife·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Studying Inherited Immunity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Microsporidia Infection
09:24

Studying Inherited Immunity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Microsporidia Infection

Published on: April 6, 2022

2.9K

The parasite's new clothes.

Mark S Pearson1, Alex Loukas1

  • 1Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia.

Elife
|April 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cells constantly renew the outer surface of parasitic flatworms. This continuous rejuvenation is crucial for the survival of these human parasites.

Keywords:
Schistosoma mansonidevelopmental biologyinfectious diseasemicrobiologyparasitic diseasesstem cells

More Related Videos

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response
13:04

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

Published on: May 7, 2012

19.3K
Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages
08:23

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Published on: May 30, 2019

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Studying Inherited Immunity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Microsporidia Infection
09:24

Studying Inherited Immunity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Microsporidia Infection

Published on: April 6, 2022

2.9K
An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response
13:04

An Introduction to Parasitic Wasps of Drosophila and the Antiparasite Immune Response

Published on: May 7, 2012

19.3K
Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages
08:23

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Published on: May 30, 2019

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Parasitic flatworms pose significant health challenges.
  • Understanding flatworm biology is key to developing new treatments.
  • Stem cells play vital roles in tissue repair and regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of stem cells in maintaining the outer surface of parasitic flatworms.
  • To explore the mechanisms of continuous rejuvenation in these organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced imaging techniques to observe stem cell activity.
  • Employed molecular markers to identify and track stem cell populations.
  • Analyzed gene expression patterns related to regeneration and stem cell function.

Main Results:

  • Identified a distinct population of stem cells responsible for surface renewal.
  • Observed continuous stem cell proliferation and differentiation at the flatworm surface.
  • Demonstrated that stem cells actively replace damaged or aged surface cells.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous stem cell-driven rejuvenation is essential for parasitic flatworm survival.
  • This regenerative capacity presents potential targets for antiparasitic therapies.
  • Further research into flatworm stem cells could offer insights into regenerative processes.