Erythematous Plaques on the Eyelids.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Background:

• Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic autoimmune condition affecting the skin.
• Ocular involvement, particularly of the eyelids, can occur but is less common.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a case of discoid lupus erythematosus affecting the eyelids.
• To highlight the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and histopathological findings.

Main Methods:

• A case report of a 21-year-old man with progressive eyelid redness and swelling.
• Physical examination revealing erythematous plaques, hair loss, and scarring.
• Laboratory tests including antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer and normal angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels.
• Histopathological and direct immunofluorescence analysis of eyelid biopsy specimens.

Main Results:

• Clinical presentation of photosensitive, erythematous plaques with scarring on the lower eyelids.
• Histopathology showed mild-to-moderate chronic inflammatory changes with a perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate.
• Diagnosis confirmed as discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE).

Conclusions:

• Discoid lupus erythematosus can manifest with significant ocular symptoms, including eyelid inflammation and scarring.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for preventing disfigurement and vision impairment.
• Biopsy and histopathological examination are essential for confirming the diagnosis.