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In vitro Measurements of Tracheal Constriction Using Mice
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TRP functions in the broncho-pulmonary system.

Francesco De Logu1, Riccardo Patacchini1,2, Giovanni Fontana3

  • 1Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.

Seminars in Immunopathology
|April 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the airways and lung are crucial for homeostasis and reacting to injury. Both neuronal and nonneuronal TRP channels play significant roles in respiratory diseases like asthma and COPD.

Keywords:
Neurogenic inflammationOxidative stressTRPA1TRPV1

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory physiology and molecular biology
  • Ion channel function in disease

Background:

  • Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels were initially found in respiratory sensory nerves.
  • TRP channel expression and function are now recognized in nonneuronal respiratory cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of TRP channels in the airways and lung.
  • To understand the contribution of neuronal and nonneuronal TRP channels in respiratory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Localization studies of TRP channels in respiratory tissues.
  • Functional analysis of TRP channels in both neuronal and nonneuronal cells.
  • Review of basic and clinical studies on TRP channels in respiratory diseases.

Main Results:

  • TRP channels regulate physiological processes, homeostasis, and responses to harmful agents and tissue injury.
  • Neuronal TRP channels contribute to airway neurogenic inflammation.
  • Nonneuronal TRP channels are involved in orchestrating inflammation and repair in the respiratory tract.

Conclusions:

  • TRP channels in both sensory nerves and nonneuronal cells are vital for respiratory health and disease.
  • Neuronal and nonneuronal TRP channels are implicated in the mechanisms of asthma, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cough.