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Published on: December 1, 2023
Targeting specific interstitial glycemic parameters with high-intensity interval exercise and fasted-state exercise
Tasuku Terada1, Ben J Wilson2, Etienne Myette-Côté1
1Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta, 1-052 Li Ka Shing Center for Health Research Innovation, Physical Activity and Diabetes Laboratory, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2H9.
High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is more effective than moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) for improving blood sugar control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Exercising in a fasted state further enhances these benefits, significantly reducing postprandial glucose levels.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Metabolic Health
- Diabetes Management
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes management often involves lifestyle interventions, including exercise.
- Understanding the optimal exercise conditions for glycemic control is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the acute glycemic responses to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE).
- To investigate the effects of performing exercise under fasted versus postprandial conditions.
- To assess the impact on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, controlled, crossover trial involving ten individuals with type 2 diabetes.
- Participants underwent five conditions: fasted HIIE, post-breakfast HIIE, fasted MICE, post-breakfast MICE, and a control.
- Continuous glucose monitoring was used over 24 hours.
Main Results:
- Fasted-state exercise significantly attenuated postprandial glycemic increments compared to post-breakfast exercise.
- HIIE demonstrated a greater reduction in nocturnal and fasting glycemia than MICE.
- Fasted HIIE notably improved 24-h mean glucose, fasting glucose, postprandial glycemic increment, glycemic variability, and time in hyperglycemia compared to control.
Conclusions:
- High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is superior to moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) for lowering nocturnal and fasting glycemia.
- Exercising in a fasted state is more effective at reducing postprandial glycemic increments.
- Performing HIIE in a fasted state appears to be the most advantageous strategy for overall glycemic management in type 2 diabetes.
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