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What Does Diabetes "Taste" Like?

Fabrice Neiers1, Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier1, Loïc Briand2

  • 1Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, INRA, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne - Franche-Comté, Dijon, 21000, France.

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The T1R2/T1R3 sweet taste receptor detects sugars and is found in the mouth and metabolic organs. Inhibitors targeting this receptor show promise for treating type 2 diabetes.

Keywords:
CarbohydrateDiabetesMetabolic hormonesObesitySweet taste receptorSweetener

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • The T1R2/T1R3 receptor detects sweet tastes from carbohydrates in the tongue's taste buds.
  • This receptor is also present in extra-oral tissues like the stomach, pancreas, gut, liver, and brain.
  • Its role in metabolic regulation, including glucose homeostasis and satiety, is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological roles of the T1R2/T1R3 sweet taste receptor.
  • To discuss its involvement in taste perception and metabolic regulation.
  • To explore T1R2/T1R3 inhibitors as potential therapeutics for type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on the T1R2/T1R3 sweet taste receptor.
  • Analysis of studies on the receptor's function in taste perception and metabolic processes.
  • Summary of current knowledge regarding T1R2/T1R3 inhibitors and their therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • The T1R2/T1R3 receptor mediates the perception of all sweet compounds.
  • Evidence suggests the receptor plays a role in metabolic regulation, potentially impacting glucose homeostasis and satiety.
  • Dysfunctions of the sweet taste receptor are linked to diabetes.

Conclusions:

  • The T1R2/T1R3 sweet taste receptor has dual roles in taste perception and metabolic regulation.
  • Targeting T1R2/T1R3 with inhibitors presents a promising therapeutic strategy for managing type 2 diabetes.