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Pulmonary actinomycosis presenting as post-obstructive pneumonia.

K Kassab1, M Karnib2, P K Bou-Khalil3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1120W. Michigan St. CL 626, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|April 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Actinomycosis is a rare lung infection caused by bacteria. This case highlights endobronchial actinomycosis mimicking lung cancer after foreign body aspiration.

Keywords:
ActinomycosisBronchoscopyEndobronchial

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Actinomycosis is a chronic bacterial infection caused by filamentous Gram-positive bacilli.
  • Thoracic actinomycosis accounts for approximately 20% of all actinomycosis cases.
  • Endobronchial involvement is an uncommon presentation of pulmonary actinomycosis.

Observation:

  • A case of endobronchial actinomycosis is presented.
  • The patient presented with symptoms mimicking a right upper lobe endobronchial carcinoma.
  • The condition was associated with foreign body aspiration, leading to post-obstructive pneumonia.

Findings:

  • Endobronchial actinomycosis can present as a lung mass or post-obstructive pneumonia.
  • It is crucial to consider actinomycosis in the differential diagnosis of non-resolving pneumonia or suspicious lung masses.
  • Sulfur granule formation is characteristic of actinomycosis, indicating a purulent discharge.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare infections like actinomycosis in clinical practice.
  • Accurate diagnosis of endobronchial actinomycosis can prevent misdiagnosis as malignancy, avoiding unnecessary aggressive treatments.
  • Early recognition and appropriate antibiotic therapy are essential for managing pulmonary actinomycosis effectively.